Iron - ASCII Periodic Table of the Elements

ASCII PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

  Fe

Relative atomic mass: 55.845 ± 0.002

English: Iron
French: Fer
Croatian: Željezo
German: Eisen
Italian: Ferro
Spanish: Hierro

Atomic number: 26
Group numbers: 8
Period: 4
Standard state (20 °C): solid

Discovery: - -

Iron has been known since ancient times. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word 'ferrum' meaning 'iron'. It is a malleable, ferromagnetic, ductile, silvery-white metal. Exposed surfaces form red-brown oxides. Iron forms very strong alloys (steel). Iron dust flammable. It's the Fourth most abundant element in the earth's crust. Iron is obtained from iron ores. Pure metal is produced in blast furnaces by layering limestone, coke and iron ore and forcing hot gasses into the bottom. This heats the coke red hot and the iron is reduced from its oxides and liquefied where it flows to the bottom. Iron is the most common metal in human society. More than 90% of all metal refined in the world is iron. It is used in steel and other alloys. Iron is the chief constituent of hemoglobin which carries oxygen in blood vessels. It's oxides are used in magnetic tapes and disks.

Electronic configuration: [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s²
Formal oxidation number: +2 +3
Atomic radius: 124.1 pm

Electronegativities: 1.83
Thermal conductivity: 80.2 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 °C): 9.71 μΩcm

Melting point: 1538 °C
Boiling point: 2861 °C

Heat of fusion: 14.9 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 340.2 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 413.96 kJ/mol