Sodium - ASCII Periodic Table of the Elements

ASCII PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

  Na

Relative atomic mass: 22.98976928 ± 0.00000002

English: Sodium
French: Sodium
Croatian: Natrij
German: Natrium
Italian: Sodio
Spanish: Sodio

Atomic number: 11
Group numbers: 1
Period: 3
Standard state (20 °C): solid

Discovery: 1807 Sir Humphry Davy (GB)

Sodium was discovered by Sir Humphry Davy (GB) in 1807. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word 'natrium' meaning 'sodium carbonate'. It is a soft silvery-white metal. Fresh surfaces oxidize rapidly. It reacts vigorously, even violently with water giving off flammable gas. Sodium burns in air with a brilliant white flame. Sodium is obtained by electrolysis of melted sodium chloride (salt), borax and cryolite. Metallic sodium is vital in the manufacture of organic compounds. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is table salt. Liquid sodium is used to cool nuclear reactors.

Electronic configuration: [Ne] 3s¹
Formal oxidation number: +1
Atomic radius: 185.8 pm

Electronegativities: 0.93
Thermal conductivity: 141 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 °C): 4.2 μΩcm

Melting point: 97.72 °C
Boiling point: 883 °C

Heat of fusion: 2.64 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 99.2 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 107.566 kJ/mol