Nickel - ASCII Periodic Table of the Elements

ASCII PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

  Ni

Relative atomic mass: 58.6934 ± 0.0002

English: Nickel
French: Nickel
Croatian: Nikal
German: Nickel
Italian: Nichel
Spanish: Niquel

Atomic number: 28
Group numbers: 10
Period: 4
Standard state (20 °C): solid

Discovery: 1751 Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (SE)

Nickel was discovered by Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (SE) in 1751. The origin of the name comes from the German word 'kupfernickel' meaning Devil's copper or St Nicholas's (Old Nick's) copper. It is a hard, malleable, silvery-white metal. Nickel is soluble in acids, resist alkalis. It can be polished to a lustrous finish. It resists corrosion in air under normal conditions. Nickel is chiefly found in pentlandite [(Ni,Fe)9S8] ore. The metal is produced by heating the ore in a blast furnace which replaces the sulfur with oxygen. The oxides are then treated with an acid that reacts with the iron not the nickel. Nickel is used in electroplating and metal alloys because of its resistance to corrosion, in nickel-cadmium batteries, and as a catalyst and for coins.

Electronic configuration: [Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²
Formal oxidation number: +2 +3
Atomic radius: 124.6 pm

Electronegativities: 1.91
Thermal conductivity: 90.7 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 °C): 6.84 μΩcm

Melting point: 1455 °C
Boiling point: 2913 °C

Heat of fusion: 17.6 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 374.8 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 427.659 kJ/mol