Vanadium - ASCII Periodic Table of the Elements

ASCII PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

  V

Relative atomic mass: 50.9415 ± 0.0001

English: Vanadium
French: Vanadium
Croatian: Vanadij
German: Vanadium
Italian: Vanadio
Spanish: Vanadio

Atomic number: 23
Group numbers: 5
Period: 4
Standard state (20 °C): solid

Discovery: 1801 Andres Manuel del Rio (MX)

Vanadium was discovered by Andres Manuel del Rio (MX) in 1801 and rediscovered by Nils Gabriel Sefstrôm (SE) in 1830. Named after 'Vanadis', the goddess of beauty in Scandinavian mythology. It is a soft, ductile, silvery-white metal, resistant to corrosion by moisture, air and most acids and alkalis at room temperature. Exposed surfaces form oxide coating. It reacts with concentrated acids. Vanadium is found in the minerals patronite (VS4), vanadinite [Pb5(VO4)3Cl] and carnotite [K2(UO2)2(VO4)2.3H2O]. Pure metal produced by heating with C and Cl to produce VCl3 which is heated with Mg in Ar atmosphere. It is mixed with other metals to make very strong and durable alloys. Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) is used as a catalyst, dye and fixer-fixer.

Electronic configuration: [Ar] 3d³ 4s²
Formal oxidation number: +2 +3 +4 +5
Atomic radius: 131.1 pm

Electronegativities: 1.63
Thermal conductivity: 30.7 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 °C): 19.68 μΩcm

Melting point: 1910 °C
Boiling point: 3407 °C

Heat of fusion: 17.6 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 459.7 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 510.95 kJ/mol