Zirconium - ASCII Periodic Table of the Elements

ASCII PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

  Zr

Relative atomic mass: 91.224 ± 0.002

English: Zirconium
French: Zirconium
Croatian: Cirkonij
German: Zirkon
Italian: Zirconio
Spanish: Circonio

Atomic number: 40
Group numbers: 4
Period: 5
Standard state (20 °C): solid

Discovery: 1789 Martin Heinrich Klaproth (DE)

Zirconium was discovered by Martin Heinrich Klaproth (DE) in 1789. The origin of the name comes from the Arabic word 'zargun' meaning 'gold colour'. It is a grey-white, lustrous, corrosion-resistant metal. Exposed surfaces form oxide protective film. Zirconium is found in many minerals such as zircon and baddeleyite. It is used in alloys such as zircaloy which is used in nuclear applications since it does not readily absorb neutrons. Zirconium is used in high-performance pumps and valves. Clear zircon (ZrSiO4) is a popular gemstone.

Electronic configuration: [Kr] 4d² 5s²
Formal oxidation number: +4
Atomic radius: 159 pm

Electronegativities: 1.33
Thermal conductivity: 22.7 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 °C): 42.1 μΩcm

Melting point: 1855 °C
Boiling point: 4409 °C

Heat of fusion: 23 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 566.7 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 607.47 kJ/mol