de en fr hr it es
Neighborhood
Zn
30
Ga
31
Ge
32
Cd
48
In
49
Sn
50
Hg
80
Tl
81
Pb
82

 

Periodic table

de  German

Indium

en  English

Indium

fr  French

Indium

hr  Croatian

Indij

it  Italian

Indio

es  Spanish

Indio

 

In
In
Indium

PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

INDIUM

BORON GROUP

 

Atomic number:49

Group numbers:13

Period:5

Electronic configuration:[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1

Formal oxidation number:+3

Electronegativities:1.78

Atomic radius / pm:162.6

Relative atomic mass:114.818 ± 0.003

 

Indium was discovered by Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymus Theodor Richter (DE) in 1863. Named after the indicum (colour indigo), the colour it shows in a spectroscope. It is a rare, very soft, silver-white metal that is stable in air and water but dissolves in acids. Metal can ignite and burn. Indium is found in certain zinc ores. It is used to coat high speed bearings and as an alloy that lowers the melting point of other metals. Relatively small amounts are used in dental items and in electronic semiconductors.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Density / g dm-3:7310 (298 K)

 7032 (m.p.)

Molar volume / cm3mol-1:15.71 (298 K)

 16.33 (m.p.)

Electrical resistivity / μΩcm:8.37 (20 °C)

THERMAL PROPERTIES

Thermal conductivity / W m-1K-1:81.6

Melting point / °C:156.6

Boiling point / °C:2072

Heat of fusion / kJ mol-1:3.27

Heat of vaporization / kJ mol-1:231.8

Heat of atomization / kJ mol-1:243.72

IONIZATION ENERGIES

First ionization energy / kJ mol-1:558.30

Second ionization energy / kJ mol-1:1820.67

Third ionization energy / kJ mol-1:2704.50

ABUNDANCE OF ELEMENTS

in the atmosphere / ppm:-

in the Earth's crust / ppm:0.05

in the oceans / ppm:0.02

CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC DATA

body-centered tetragonal

Crystal structure:

body-centered tetragonal

Unit-cell dimensions / pm:

a=325.30, c=495.55

Space group:

I4/mmm

ISOTOPES

IsotopeRelative atomic massMass percent (%)
113In112.904061(4)4.3(2)
115In114.903878(5)95.7(2)

REDUCTION POTENTIALS

Balanced half-reaction Eo / V
In3+ + 2e- = In+- 0.404
In3+ + 3e- = In(s)- 0.345
In(OH)3 + 3e- = In(s) + 3OH-- 1.0

 

48 Cadmium <=
49 Indium
 => 50 Tin