Atomic number:94

Group numbers:3

Period:7

Electronic configuration:[Rn] 5f⁶ 7s²

Formal oxidation number:+3 +4 +5 +6

Electronegativities:1.3

Atomic radius / pm:151.3

Relative atomic mass:[244]

 

Plutonium was discovered by Glenn Theodore Seaborg, Joseph W. Kennedy, and Arthur C. Wahl (US) in 1940. Named after the planet Pluto. It is a silvery-white, extremely radioactive, highly toxic, artificially produced metal that reacts with oxygen, acids and steam, but it resists alkalis. Plutonium is found rarely in some uranium ores. It can be made by bombarding uranium with neutrons. Plutonium is used in bombs and reactors. Small quantities are used in thermo-electric generators.

Density / g dm^-3:19840 (298 K)

 16623 (m.p.)

Molar volume / cm³mol^-1:12.30 (298 K)

 14.68 (m.p.)

Electrical resistivity / μΩcm:150 (20 °C)

Thermal conductivity / W m^-1K^-1:6.74

Melting point / °C:640

Boiling point / °C:3228

Heat of fusion / kJ mol^-1:2.8

Heat of vaporization / kJ mol^-1:343.5

Heat of atomization / kJ mol^-1:348

1st ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:581.44

2nd ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:-

3rd ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:-

in the atmosphere / ppm:-

in the Earth's crust / ppm:-

in the oceans / ppm:-