Periodic table

 

 

Atomic number:11

Group numbers:1

Period:3

Electronic configuration:[Ne] 3s¹

Formal oxidation number:+1

Electronegativities:0.93

Atomic radius / pm:185.8

Relative atomic mass:22.98976928 ± 0.00000002

 

Sodium was discovered by Sir Humphry Davy (GB) in 1807. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word natrium meaning sodium carbonate. It is a soft silvery-white metal. Fresh surfaces oxidize rapidly. It reacts vigorously, even violently with water giving off flammable gas. Sodium burns in air with a brilliant white flame. Sodium is obtained by electrolysis of melted sodium chloride (salt), borax and cryolite. Metallic sodium is vital in the manufacture of organic compounds. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is table salt. Liquid sodium is used to cool nuclear reactors.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Density / g dm^-3:971 (293 K)

 928 (m.p.)

Molar volume / cm³mol^-1:23.68 (293 K)

 24.77 (m.p.)

Electrical resistivity / μΩcm:4.2 (20 °C)

THERMAL PROPERTIES

Thermal conductivity / W m^-1K^-1:141

Melting point / °C:97.72

Boiling point / °C:883

Heat of fusion / kJ mol^-1:2.64

Heat of vaporization / kJ mol^-1:99.2

Heat of atomization / kJ mol^-1:107.566

IONIZATION ENERGIES

First ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:495.85

Second ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:4562.48

Third ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:6910.33

ABUNDANCE OF ELEMENTS

in the atmosphere / ppm:-

in the Earth's crust / ppm:23000

in the oceans / ppm:10600

CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC DATA

ISOTOPES

REDUCTION POTENTIALS

 

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Citing this page:

Generalic, Eni. "Sodium." EniG. Periodic Table of the Elements. 3 Jan. 2012. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <http://www.periodni.com/na.html>.