Periodic table

 

 

Atomic number:60

Group numbers:3

Period:6

Electronic configuration:[Xe] 4f⁴ 6s²

Formal oxidation number:+3

Electronegativities:1.14

Atomic radius / pm:181.4

Relative atomic mass:144.242 ± 0.003

 

Neodymium was discovered by Carl Freiherr Auer von Welsbach (AT) in 1885. The origin of the name comes from the Greek words neos didymos meaning new twin. It is a silvery-white, rare-earth metal that oxidizes easily in air and reacts slowly in cold water, but more rapidly as heated. Metal ignites and burns readily. Neodymium is made from electrolysis of its halide salts, which are made from monazite sand. It is used in making artificial ruby for lasers, in ceramics and for a special lens with praseodymium, also to produce bright purple glass and special glass that filters infrared radiation. Misch metal, used in the manufacture of pyrophoric alloys for cigarette lighters, contains about 18% neodymium metal. (Typically composition of misch metal are Ce:Nd:Pr:La:Other rare earth=50:18:6:22:4). Neodymium is used to create some of the most powerful permanent magnets on Earth, known as NIB magnets they consist of neodymium, iron, and boron.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Density / g dm^-3:7007 (293 K)

Molar volume / cm³mol^-1:20.59 (293 K)

Electrical resistivity / μΩcm:64 (20 °C)

THERMAL PROPERTIES

Thermal conductivity / W m^-1K^-1:16.5

Melting point / °C:1021

Boiling point / °C:3074

Heat of fusion / kJ mol^-1:7.113

Heat of vaporization / kJ mol^-1:328

Heat of atomization / kJ mol^-1:328.57

IONIZATION ENERGIES

First ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:533.09

Second ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:1035.30

Third ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:2132.34

ABUNDANCE OF ELEMENTS

in the atmosphere / ppm:-

in the Earth's crust / ppm:16

in the oceans / ppm:0.000003

CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC DATA

ISOTOPES

REDUCTION POTENTIALS

 

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Citing this page:

Generalic, Eni. "Neodymium." EniG. Periodic Table of the Elements. 16 May 2013. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <http://www.periodni.com/nd.html>.