Atomic number:84

Group numbers:16

Period:6

Electronic configuration:[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁴

Formal oxidation number:+2 +4

Electronegativities:2

Atomic radius / pm:167.3

Relative atomic mass:[209]

 

Polonium was discovered by Marie Sklodowska Curie and Pierre Curie (FR) in 1898. Named for Poland, native country of Marie Curie. It is a silvery-grey, extremely rare, highly toxic, severe radiotoxic, carcinogen, radioactive metal that is soluble in dilute acids. Polonium occurs in pitchblende. It's produced by bombarding bismuth with neutrons. It is used in industrial equipment that eliminates static electricity caused by such processes as rolling paper, wire and sheet metal.

Density / g dm^-3:9320 (alpha, 293 K)

Molar volume / cm³mol^-1:22.42 (alpha, 293 K)

Electrical resistivity / μΩcm:140 (20 °C)

Thermal conductivity / W m^-1K^-1:20

Melting point / °C:254

Boiling point / °C:962

Heat of fusion / kJ mol^-1:10

Heat of vaporization / kJ mol^-1:100.8

Heat of atomization / kJ mol^-1:141

1st ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:812.09

2nd ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:-

3rd ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:-

in the atmosphere / ppm:-

in the Earth's crust / ppm:-

in the oceans / ppm:-