Atomic number:51

Group numbers:15

Period:5

Electronic configuration:[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p³

Formal oxidation number:-3 +3 +5

Electronegativities:2.05

Atomic radius / pm:145

Relative atomic mass:121.760 ± 0.001

 

Antimony has been known since ancient times. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word stibium meaning mineral stibnite. It is a hard, brittle, silvery-white semimetal that is stable in dry air. It is toxic by ingestion or inhalation. Antimony is found in stibnite (Sb2S3) and in valentinite (Sb2O3). It is alloyed with other metals to increase their hardness. It is used in the manufacture of a few special types of semiconductor devices, also in plastics and chemicals. A few kinds of over-the-counter cold and flu remedies use antimony compounds.

Density / g dm^-3:6691 (293 K)

 6483 (m.p.)

Molar volume / cm³mol^-1:18.20 (293 K)

 18.78 (m.p.)

Electrical resistivity / μΩcm:39 (20 °C)

Thermal conductivity / W m^-1K^-1:24.3

Melting point / °C:630.63

Boiling point / °C:1587

Heat of fusion / kJ mol^-1:20.9

Heat of vaporization / kJ mol^-1:165.8

Heat of atomization / kJ mol^-1:262.04

1st ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:830.59

2nd ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:1594.96

3rd ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:2441.10

in the atmosphere / ppm:-

in the Earth's crust / ppm:0.2

in the oceans / ppm:0.0005