Periodic table

 

 

Atomic number:79

Group numbers:11

Period:6

Electronic configuration:[Xe] 4f¹⁴² 5d¹⁰ 6s¹

Formal oxidation number:+1 +3

Electronegativities:2.4

Atomic radius / pm:144.2

Relative atomic mass:196.966569 ± 0.000004

 

Gold has been known since ancient times. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word aurum meaning gold. It is a soft, malleable, bright yellow metal that is unaffected by air, water, alkalis and most acids. Gold is found in veins in the crust, with copper ore and native. It is used in electronics, jewellery and coins. It is a good reflector of infrared radiation, so a thin film of gold is applied to the glass of skyscrapers to reduce internal heating from sunlight.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Density / g dm^-3:19320 (293 K)

 17280 (m.p.)

Molar volume / cm³mol^-1:10.19 (293 K)

 11.11 (m.p.)

Electrical resistivity / μΩcm:2.35 (20 °C)

THERMAL PROPERTIES

Thermal conductivity / W m^-1K^-1:317

Melting point / °C:1064.18

Boiling point / °C:2856

Heat of fusion / kJ mol^-1:12.7

Heat of vaporization / kJ mol^-1:343.1

Heat of atomization / kJ mol^-1:365.93

IONIZATION ENERGIES

First ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:890.13

Second ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:1977.96

Third ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:-

ABUNDANCE OF ELEMENTS

in the atmosphere / ppm:-

in the Earth's crust / ppm:0.003

in the oceans / ppm:0.000004

CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC DATA

ISOTOPES

REDUCTION POTENTIALS

 

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Citing this page:

Generalic, Eni. "Gold." EniG. Periodic Table of the Elements. 3 Jan. 2012. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <http://www.periodni.com/au.html>.