Atomic number:30

Group numbers:12

Period:4

Electronic configuration:[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s²

Formal oxidation number:+2

Electronegativities:1.65

Atomic radius / pm:133.5

Relative atomic mass:65.409 ± 0.004

 

Zinc has been known since ancient times. The origin of the name comes from the German word zink. It is a bluish-silver, ductile metal that reacts with alkalis and acids. Zinc tarnishes in air. Zinc is found in the minerals zinc blende (sphalerite) (ZnS), calamine, franklinite, smithsonite (ZnCO3), willemite and zincite (ZnO). It is used to coat other metal (galvanizing) to protect them from rusting, 90% of the zinc is used for galvanizing steel. Zinc metal is used in the common dry-cell batteries and to make alloys such as brass, bronze. Zinc compounds are used in the manufacture of paints, cosmetics, plastics, electronic devices, and many other products.

Density / g dm^-3:7133 (293 K)

 6577 (m.p.)

Molar volume / cm³mol^-1:9.17 (293 K)

 9.94 (m.p.)

Electrical resistivity / μΩcm:5.964 (20 °C)

Thermal conductivity / W m^-1K^-1:116

Melting point / °C:419.53

Boiling point / °C:907

Heat of fusion / kJ mol^-1:6.67

Heat of vaporization / kJ mol^-1:114.2

Heat of atomization / kJ mol^-1:130.181

1st ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:906.41

2nd ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:1733.31

3rd ionization energy / kJ mol^-1:3832.71

in the atmosphere / ppm:-

in the Earth's crust / ppm:80

in the oceans / ppm:0.01